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#The setdefault method is somewhat similar to get, except that in addition to the get
#functionality, setdefault sets the value corresponding to the given key if it is not
#already in the dictionary:
d = {}
print d.setdefault('name', 'N/A')
print d
d['name'] = 'Gumby'
d.setdefault('name', 'N/A')
print d
#As you can see, when the key is missing, setdefault returns the default and updates
#the dictionary accordingly. If the key is present, its value is returned and the
#dictionary is left unchanged. The default is optional, as with get; if it is left
#out, None is used:
d = {}
print d.setdefault('name')
print d
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