A stack of simple integers : Stack « Collections « Java Tutorial






import java.util.EmptyStackException;


/*
 * $Id: IntVector.java 468655 2006-10-28 07:12:06Z minchau $
 */
/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the  "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
/*
 * $Id: IntStack.java 468655 2006-10-28 07:12:06Z minchau $
 */


/**
 * Implement a stack of simple integers.
 *
 * %OPT%
 * This is currently based on IntVector, which permits fast acess but pays a
 * heavy recopying penalty if/when its size is increased. If we expect deep
 * stacks, we should consider a version based on ChunkedIntVector.
 * @xsl.usage internal
 */
public class IntStack extends IntVector
{

  /**
   * Default constructor.  Note that the default
   * block size is very small, for small lists.
   */
  public IntStack()
  {
    super();
  }

  /**
   * Construct a IntVector, using the given block size.
   *
   * @param blocksize Size of block to allocate
   */
  public IntStack(int blocksize)
  {
    super(blocksize);
  }
  
  /**
   * Copy constructor for IntStack
   * 
   * @param v IntStack to copy
   */
  public IntStack (IntStack v)
  {
    super(v);
  }

  /**
   * Pushes an item onto the top of this stack.
   *
   * @param   i   the int to be pushed onto this stack.
   * @return  the <code>item</code> argument.
   */
  public int push(int i)
  {

    if ((m_firstFree + 1) >= m_mapSize)
    {
      m_mapSize += m_blocksize;

      int newMap[] = new int[m_mapSize];

      System.arraycopy(m_map, 0, newMap, 0, m_firstFree + 1);

      m_map = newMap;
    }

    m_map[m_firstFree] = i;

    m_firstFree++;

    return i;
  }

  /**
   * Removes the object at the top of this stack and returns that
   * object as the value of this function.
   *
   * @return     The object at the top of this stack.
   */
  public final int pop()
  {
    return m_map[--m_firstFree];
  }

  /**
   * Quickly pops a number of items from the stack.
   */

  public final void quickPop(int n)
  {
    m_firstFree -= n;
  }

  /**
   * Looks at the object at the top of this stack without removing it
   * from the stack.
   *
   * @return     the object at the top of this stack.
   * @throws  EmptyStackException  if this stack is empty.
   */
  public final int peek()
  {
    try {
      return m_map[m_firstFree - 1];
    }
    catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e)
    {
      throw new EmptyStackException();
    }
  }

  /**
   * Looks at the object at the position the stack counting down n items.
   *
   * @param n The number of items down, indexed from zero.
   * @return     the object at n items down.
   * @throws  EmptyStackException  if this stack is empty.
   */
  public int peek(int n)
  {
    try {
      return m_map[m_firstFree-(1+n)];
    }
    catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e)
    {
      throw new EmptyStackException();
    }
  }

  /**
   * Sets an object at a the top of the statck
   *
   *
   * @param val object to set at the top
   * @throws  EmptyStackException  if this stack is empty.
   */
  public void setTop(int val)
  {
    try {
      m_map[m_firstFree - 1] = val;
    }
    catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e)
    {
      throw new EmptyStackException();
    }
  }

  /**
   * Tests if this stack is empty.
   *
   * @return  <code>true</code> if this stack is empty;
   *          <code>false</code> otherwise.
   * @since   JDK1.0
   */
  public boolean empty()
  {
    return m_firstFree == 0;
  }

  /**
   * Returns where an object is on this stack.
   *
   * @param   o   the desired object.
   * @return  the distance from the top of the stack where the object is]
   *          located; the return value <code>-1</code> indicates that the
   *          object is not on the stack.
   * @since   JDK1.0
   */
  public int search(int o)
  {

    int i = lastIndexOf(o);

    if (i >= 0)
    {
      return size() - i;
    }

    return -1;
  }
  
  /**
   * Returns clone of current IntStack
   * 
   * @return clone of current IntStack
   */
  public Object clone()
    throws CloneNotSupportedException
  {
    return (IntStack) super.clone();
  }
}

/**
 * A very simple table that stores a list of int.
 *
 * This version is based on a "realloc" strategy -- a simle array is
 * used, and when more storage is needed, a larger array is obtained
 * and all existing data is recopied into it. As a result, read/write
 * access to existing nodes is O(1) fast but appending may be O(N**2)
 * slow. See also SuballocatedIntVector.
 * @xsl.usage internal
 */
class IntVector implements Cloneable
{

  /** Size of blocks to allocate          */
  protected int m_blocksize;

  /** Array of ints          */
  protected int m_map[]; // IntStack is trying to see this directly

  /** Number of ints in array          */
  protected int m_firstFree = 0;

  /** Size of array          */
  protected int m_mapSize;

  /**
   * Default constructor.  Note that the default
   * block size is very small, for small lists.
   */
  public IntVector()
  {

    m_blocksize = 32;
    m_mapSize = m_blocksize;
    m_map = new int[m_blocksize];
  }

  /**
   * Construct a IntVector, using the given block size.
   *
   * @param blocksize Size of block to allocate
   */
  public IntVector(int blocksize)
  {

    m_blocksize = blocksize;
    m_mapSize = blocksize;
    m_map = new int[blocksize];
  }
  
  /**
   * Construct a IntVector, using the given block size.
   *
   * @param blocksize Size of block to allocate
   */
  public IntVector(int blocksize, int increaseSize)
  {

    m_blocksize = increaseSize;
    m_mapSize = blocksize;
    m_map = new int[blocksize];
  }

  /**
   * Copy constructor for IntVector
   * 
   * @param v Existing IntVector to copy
   */
  public IntVector(IntVector v)
  {
    m_map = new int[v.m_mapSize];
    m_mapSize = v.m_mapSize;
    m_firstFree = v.m_firstFree;
    m_blocksize = v.m_blocksize;
    System.arraycopy(v.m_map, 0, m_map, 0, m_firstFree);
  }

  /**
   * Get the length of the list.
   *
   * @return length of the list
   */
  public final int size()
  {
    return m_firstFree;
  }
  
  /**
   * Get the length of the list.
   *
   * @return length of the list
   */
  public final void setSize(int sz)
  {
    m_firstFree = sz;
  }


  /**
   * Append a int onto the vector.
   *
   * @param value Int to add to the list 
   */
  public final void addElement(int value)
  {

    if ((m_firstFree + 1) >= m_mapSize)
    {
      m_mapSize += m_blocksize;

      int newMap[] = new int[m_mapSize];

      System.arraycopy(m_map, 0, newMap, 0, m_firstFree + 1);

      m_map = newMap;
    }

    m_map[m_firstFree] = value;

    m_firstFree++;
  }
  
  /**
   * Append several int values onto the vector.
   *
   * @param value Int to add to the list 
   */
  public final void addElements(int value, int numberOfElements)
  {

    if ((m_firstFree + numberOfElements) >= m_mapSize)
    {
      m_mapSize += (m_blocksize+numberOfElements);

      int newMap[] = new int[m_mapSize];

      System.arraycopy(m_map, 0, newMap, 0, m_firstFree + 1);

      m_map = newMap;
    }

    for (int i = 0; i < numberOfElements; i++) 
    {
      m_map[m_firstFree] = value;
      m_firstFree++;
    }
  }
  
  /**
   * Append several slots onto the vector, but do not set the values.
   *
   * @param numberOfElements Int to add to the list 
   */
  public final void addElements(int numberOfElements)
  {

    if ((m_firstFree + numberOfElements) >= m_mapSize)
    {
      m_mapSize += (m_blocksize+numberOfElements);

      int newMap[] = new int[m_mapSize];

      System.arraycopy(m_map, 0, newMap, 0, m_firstFree + 1);

      m_map = newMap;
    }
    
    m_firstFree += numberOfElements;
  }
  

  /**
   * Inserts the specified node in this vector at the specified index.
   * Each component in this vector with an index greater or equal to
   * the specified index is shifted upward to have an index one greater
   * than the value it had previously.
   *
   * @param value Int to insert
   * @param at Index of where to insert 
   */
  public final void insertElementAt(int value, int at)
  {

    if ((m_firstFree + 1) >= m_mapSize)
    {
      m_mapSize += m_blocksize;

      int newMap[] = new int[m_mapSize];

      System.arraycopy(m_map, 0, newMap, 0, m_firstFree + 1);

      m_map = newMap;
    }

    if (at <= (m_firstFree - 1))
    {
      System.arraycopy(m_map, at, m_map, at + 1, m_firstFree - at);
    }

    m_map[at] = value;

    m_firstFree++;
  }

  /**
   * Inserts the specified node in this vector at the specified index.
   * Each component in this vector with an index greater or equal to
   * the specified index is shifted upward to have an index one greater
   * than the value it had previously.
   */
  public final void removeAllElements()
  {

    for (int i = 0; i < m_firstFree; i++)
    {
      m_map[i] = java.lang.Integer.MIN_VALUE;
    }

    m_firstFree = 0;
  }

  /**
   * Removes the first occurrence of the argument from this vector.
   * If the object is found in this vector, each component in the vector
   * with an index greater or equal to the object's index is shifted
   * downward to have an index one smaller than the value it had
   * previously.
   *
   * @param s Int to remove from array
   *
   * @return True if the int was removed, false if it was not found
   */
  public final boolean removeElement(int s)
  {

    for (int i = 0; i < m_firstFree; i++)
    {
      if (m_map[i] == s)
      {
        if ((i + 1) < m_firstFree)
          System.arraycopy(m_map, i + 1, m_map, i - 1, m_firstFree - i);
        else
          m_map[i] = java.lang.Integer.MIN_VALUE;

        m_firstFree--;

        return true;
      }
    }

    return false;
  }

  /**
   * Deletes the component at the specified index. Each component in
   * this vector with an index greater or equal to the specified
   * index is shifted downward to have an index one smaller than
   * the value it had previously.
   *
   * @param i index of where to remove and int
   */
  public final void removeElementAt(int i)
  {

    if (i > m_firstFree)
      System.arraycopy(m_map, i + 1, m_map, i, m_firstFree);
    else
      m_map[i] = java.lang.Integer.MIN_VALUE;

    m_firstFree--;
  }

  /**
   * Sets the component at the specified index of this vector to be the
   * specified object. The previous component at that position is discarded.
   *
   * The index must be a value greater than or equal to 0 and less
   * than the current size of the vector.
   *
   * @param value object to set
   * @param index Index of where to set the object
   */
  public final void setElementAt(int value, int index)
  {
    m_map[index] = value;
  }

  /**
   * Get the nth element.
   *
   * @param i index of object to get
   *
   * @return object at given index
   */
  public final int elementAt(int i)
  {
    return m_map[i];
  }

  /**
   * Tell if the table contains the given node.
   *
   * @param s object to look for
   *
   * @return true if the object is in the list
   */
  public final boolean contains(int s)
  {

    for (int i = 0; i < m_firstFree; i++)
    {
      if (m_map[i] == s)
        return true;
    }

    return false;
  }

  /**
   * Searches for the first occurence of the given argument,
   * beginning the search at index, and testing for equality
   * using the equals method.
   *
   * @param elem object to look for
   * @param index Index of where to begin search
   * @return the index of the first occurrence of the object
   * argument in this vector at position index or later in the
   * vector; returns -1 if the object is not found.
   */
  public final int indexOf(int elem, int index)
  {

    for (int i = index; i < m_firstFree; i++)
    {
      if (m_map[i] == elem)
        return i;
    }

    return java.lang.Integer.MIN_VALUE;
  }

  /**
   * Searches for the first occurence of the given argument,
   * beginning the search at index, and testing for equality
   * using the equals method.
   *
   * @param elem object to look for
   * @return the index of the first occurrence of the object
   * argument in this vector at position index or later in the
   * vector; returns -1 if the object is not found.
   */
  public final int indexOf(int elem)
  {

    for (int i = 0; i < m_firstFree; i++)
    {
      if (m_map[i] == elem)
        return i;
    }

    return java.lang.Integer.MIN_VALUE;
  }

  /**
   * Searches for the first occurence of the given argument,
   * beginning the search at index, and testing for equality
   * using the equals method.
   *
   * @param elem Object to look for
   * @return the index of the first occurrence of the object
   * argument in this vector at position index or later in the
   * vector; returns -1 if the object is not found.
   */
  public final int lastIndexOf(int elem)
  {

    for (int i = (m_firstFree - 1); i >= 0; i--)
    {
      if (m_map[i] == elem)
        return i;
    }

    return java.lang.Integer.MIN_VALUE;
  }
  
  /**
   * Returns clone of current IntVector
   * 
   * @return clone of current IntVector
   */
  public Object clone()
    throws CloneNotSupportedException
  {
    return new IntVector(this);
  }
  
}








9.13.Stack
9.13.1.Stack Basics: last-in, first-out behavior
9.13.2.Adding Elements: To add an element to a stack, call the push() method
9.13.3.Removing Elements: To remove an element from the stack, the pop() method
9.13.4.If the size of the stack is zero, true is returned; otherwise, false is returned
9.13.5.Checking the Top: To get the element without removing: using the peek() method
9.13.6.To find out if an element is on the stack: the search() method
9.13.7.Demonstrate the generic Stack class.
9.13.8.A faster, smaller stack implementation.
9.13.9.A simple integer based stack.
9.13.10.A stack of simple integers
9.13.11.A very simple unsynchronized stack. This one is faster than the java.util-Version.
9.13.12.An implementation of the java.util.Stack based on an ArrayList instead of a Vector, so it is not synchronized to protect against multi-threaded access.
9.13.13.Character Stack
9.13.14.Growable Object stack with type specific access methods
9.13.15.Growable String stack with type specific access methods.
9.13.16.Growable int stack with type specific access methods
9.13.17.Stack for boolean values
9.13.18.extends ArrayList to create Stack