C Data Type Functions - C atof

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Converts a string to a double.

The string str is converted to a floating-point number (type double).

Any initial whitespace characters are skipped.

The number may consist of an optional sign, a string of digits with an optional decimal character, and an optional e or E followed by a optionally signed exponent.

Conversion stops when the first unrecognized character is reached.

Prototype

Parameter

This function has the following parameter.

str

C-string beginning with the representation of a floating-point number.

Return

The function returns the converted floating point number as a double value.

If no valid conversion could be performed, the function returns zero ( 0.0).

If the converted value would be out of the range of representable values by a double, it causes undefined behavior.

Example

#include <stdio.h> /* printf, fgets */
#include <stdlib.h> /* atof */
#include <math.h> /* sin */
/*w w w  .  j  a v  a  2 s  .c o  m*/
int main (){
  double n,m;
  double pi=3.1415926535;
  char buffer[256];
  printf ("Enter degrees: ");
  fgets (buffer,256,stdin);
  n = atof (buffer);
  m = sin (n*pi/180);
  printf ("The sine of %f degrees is %f\n" , n, m);
  return 0;
}        

The code above generates the following result.

Example 2

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
 //  w  ww.  ja v  a2  s . c  o  m
int main(void){
    printf("%g\n", atof("  -0.0000000123junk"));
    printf("%g\n", atof("0.012"));
    printf("%g\n", atof("15e16"));
    printf("%g\n", atof("-0x1afp-2"));
    printf("%g\n", atof("inF"));
    printf("%g\n", atof("Nan"));
 
    return 0;
}

The code above generates the following result.

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