JPA Tutorial - JPA ID Annotation Example

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The @Id annotation from JPA is for marking a Java field as the database table primary key column.

public class Person{
@Id
private long id;
...

The code above mark id field from Person class as the primary key column in table person in database.

Example

The following code is from Person.java.

package com.java2s.common;

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;

@Entity
public class Person {
  @Id
  private long id;
  private String name;
  private String surname;
  
  public Person() {}

  public Person(String name, String surname) {
    this.name = name;
    this.surname = surname;
  }
  
  public Long getId() {
    return id;
  }
  public void setId(Long id) {
    this.id = id;
  }
  public String getName() {
    return name;
  }
  public void setName(String name) {
    this.name = name;
  }
  public String getSurname() {
    return surname;
  }
  public void setSurname(String surname) {
    this.surname = surname;
  }
  @Override
  public String toString() {
    return "Person [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", surname=" + surname + "]";
  }
}

The following code is from PersonDaoImpl.java.

package com.java2s.common;

import java.util.List;

import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.PersistenceContext;

import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

@Transactional
public class PersonDaoImpl {

  @PersistenceContext
  private EntityManager em;
  
  
  public Long save(Person person) {
    em.persist(person);
    return person.getId();
  }
  
  public List<Person>getAll() {
    return em.createQuery("SELECT p FROM Person p", Person.class).getResultList();
  }
  
}

The following code is from App.java.

package com.java2s.common;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class App {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
        "applicationContext.xml");
    PersonDaoImpl dao = (PersonDaoImpl) context.getBean("personDao");

    Person p1 = new Person("XML", "HTML");
    p1.setId(1L);
    Person p2 = new Person("Java", "SQL");
    p2.setId(2L);
    
    dao.save(p1);
    dao.save(p2);

    List<Person> persons = dao.getAll();
    for (Person person : persons) {
      System.out.println(person);
    }

    context.close();
    
    Helper.checkData();
  }
}

The code above generates the following result.

The following is the database table dump.

Table Name: PERSON
 Row:
    Column Name: ID,
    Column Type: BIGINT:
    Column Value: 1

    Column Name: NAME,
    Column Type: VARCHAR:
    Column Value: XML

    Column Name: SURNAME,
    Column Type: VARCHAR:
    Column Value: HTML

 Row:
    Column Name: ID,
    Column Type: BIGINT:
    Column Value: 2

    Column Name: NAME,
    Column Type: VARCHAR:
    Column Value: Java

    Column Name: SURNAME,
    Column Type: VARCHAR:
    Column Value: SQL

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