Java Data Type Tutorial - Java int Data Type








The int data type is a 32-bit signed Java primitive data type.

A variable of the int data type takes 32 bits of memory.

Its valid range is -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647 (-231 to 231 - 1).

All whole numbers in this range are known as integer literals.

For example, 10, -200, 0, 30, 19, etc. are integer literals of int.

An integer literal can be assigned to an int variable, say num1, like so:

int num1 = 21;

Integer literals

Integer literals can also be expressed in

  • Decimal number format
  • Octal number format
  • Hexadecimal number format
  • Binary number format

When an integer literal starts with a zero and has at least two digits, it is considered to be in the octal number format.

The following line of code assigns a decimal value of 17 (021 in octal) to num1:

// 021  is in octal number format, not  in  decimal 
int num1 = 021;

The following two lines of code have the same effect of assigning a value of 17 to the variable num1:

The following value has no leading zero, and it is a decimal number format.

int num1 = 17;

The following value has leading zero, so it is an octal number format. 021 in octal is the same as 17 in decimal.

int num1 = 021;

An int literal in octal format must have at least two digits, and must start with a zero to be treated as an octal number.

The number 0 is treated as zero in decimal number format, and 00 is treated as zero in octal number format.

All int literals in the hexadecimal number format start with 0x or 0X, and they must contain at least one hexadecimal digit.

The hexadecimal number format uses 16 digits, 0-9 and A-F (or a-f ).

The case of the letters A to F does not matter.

The following are the examples of using int literals in hexadecimal format:

int num1 = 0x123;
int num2 = 0xdecafe; 
int num3 = 0x1A2B; 
int num4 = 0X0123;

An int literal can be represented using the binary number format.

All int literals in the binary number format start with 0b or 0B.

The following are examples of using int literals in the binary number format:

int num1 = 0b10101; 
int num2 = 0b00011; 
int num3 = 0b10;
int num4 = 0b00000010;

Java has a class named Integer, which defines two constants to represent maximum and minimum values for the int data type, Integer.MAX_VALUE and Integer.MIN_VALUE. For example,

int max = Integer.MAX_VALUE;  // Assigns maximum  int  value to max 
int min = Integer.MIN_VALUE; // Assigns minimum  int  value to min