Cpp - static Member Functions

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Introduction

static member functions exist not in an object but in the scope of the class.

They can be called without having an object of that class.

Demo

#include <iostream> 
 
class Dog //from w  w w  . jav a 2 s .c  om
{ 
public: 
    Dog(int newAge = 1):age(newAge){ howManyDogs++; } 
    virtual ~Dog() { howManyDogs--; } 
    virtual int gGetAge() { return age; } 
    virtual void setAge(int newAge) { age = newAge; } 
    static int getHowMany() { return howManyDogs; } 
private: 
    int age; 
    static int howManyDogs; 
}; 
 
int Dog::howManyDogs = 0; 
 
void countDogs(); 
 
int main() 
{ 
    const int maxDogs = 5; 
    Dog *gestalt[maxDogs]; 
    int i; 
    for (i = 0; i < maxDogs; i++) 
    { 
           gestalt[i] = new Dog(i); 
           countDogs(); 
    } 
 
    for (i = 0; i < maxDogs; i++) 
    { 
           delete gestalt[i]; 
           countDogs(); 
    } 
    return 0; 
} 
 
void countDogs() 
{ 
    std::cout << "There are " << Dog::getHowMany() 
            << " Dogs.\n"; 
}

Result

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