Overloading the Binary Stream Insertion and Stream Extraction Operators - C++ Class

C++ examples for Class:Operator Overload

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Description

Overloading the Binary Stream Insertion and Stream Extraction Operators

Demo Code

#include <iostream> 
#include <string> 
using namespace std; 

class PhoneNumber 
 { //from w  ww  .j a  v a 2s .  c  o m
    friend ostream &operator<<( ostream &, const PhoneNumber & ) ; 
    friend istream &operator>>( istream &, PhoneNumber & ) ; 
private: 
    string areaCode; // 3-digit area code 
    string exchange; // 3-digit exchange 
    string line; // 4-digit line 
}; // end class PhoneNumber 

#include <iomanip> 

using namespace std; 

// overloaded stream insertion operator; cannot be 
// a member function if we would like to invoke it with 
// cout << somePhoneNumber; 
ostream &operator<<( ostream &output, const PhoneNumber &number ) 
{ 
   output << "(" << number.areaCode << ") " 
       << number.exchange << "-" << number.line; 
    return output; // enables cout << a << b << c; 
}

// overloaded stream extraction operator; cannot be 
// a member function if we would like to invoke it with 
// cin >> somePhoneNumber; 
istream &operator>>( istream &input, PhoneNumber &number ) 
{ 
    input.ignore(); // skip ( 
    input >> setw( 3 ) >> number.areaCode; // input area code 
    input.ignore( 2 ); // skip ) and space 
    input >> setw( 3 ) >> number.exchange; // input exchange 
    input.ignore(); // skip dash (-) 
    input >> setw( 4 ) >> number.line; // input line 
    return input; // enables cin >> a >> b >> c; 
}

#include <iostream> 
using namespace std; 

int main() 
{ 
    PhoneNumber phone; // create object phone 

    cout << "Enter phone number in the form (123) 456-7890:" << endl; 

    cin >> phone; 

    cout << "The phone number entered was: "; 

    cout << phone << endl; 
}

Result


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