Using the Time class with an overloaded extraction operator implemented as a friend of the Time class - C++ Class

C++ examples for Class:Operator Overload

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Description

Using the Time class with an overloaded extraction operator implemented as a friend of the Time class

Demo Code

                                                             
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
                                                             
class Time//from ww  w  .j  a  va  2  s  .  com
{
  private:
    int hours {};
    int minutes {};
    int seconds {};
                                                             
  public:
    Time() = default;
    Time(int h, int m, int s);
                                                             
    int getHours()const { return hours; }
    int getMinutes()const { return minutes; }
    int getSeconds()const { return seconds; }
                                                             
    friend std::istream& operator>> (std::istream& in, Time& rT);  // Friend extraction operator
};
                                                             
std::ostream& operator <<(std::ostream& out, const Time& rT);      // Overloaded insertion operator declaration
                                                             
// Constructor
Time::Time(int h, int m, int s)
{
  seconds = s%60;                      // Seconds left after removing minutes
  minutes = m + s/60;                  // Minutes plus minutes from seconds
  hours = h + minutes/60;              // Hours plus hours from minutes
  minutes %= 60;                       // Minutes left after removing hours
}
                                                             
// Insertion operator
std::ostream& operator <<(std::ostream& out, const Time& rT)
{
  out << ' ' << rT.getHours() << ':';
  char fillCh {out.fill('0')};                             // Set fill for leading zeros
                                                             
  out << std::setw(2) << rT.getMinutes() << ':'
      << std::setw(2) << rT.getSeconds() << ' ';
  out.fill(fillCh);                                        // Restore old fill character
  return out;
}
                                                             
// Extraction operator
std::istream& operator>> (std::istream& in, Time& rT)
{
  char ch {};                                              // Stores ':'
  in >> rT.hours >> ch >> rT.minutes >> ch >> rT.seconds;
                                                             
  // Ensure seconds and minutes less than 60
  rT.minutes += rT.seconds/60;
  rT.hours += rT.minutes/60;
  rT.minutes %= 60;
  rT.seconds %= 60;
  return in;
}
int main()
{
  Time period1;
  Time period2;
  std::cout << "\nEnter a time as hours:minutes:seconds, and press Enter: ";
  std::cin >> period1;
  std::cout << "\nEnter another time as hours:minutes:seconds, and press Enter: ";
  std::cin >> period2;
  std::cout << "\nPeriod 1 is " << period1
            << "\nPeriod 2 is " << period2
            << std::endl;
}

Result


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