Commonly Used Stream Manipulators - C++ Language Basics

C++ examples for Language Basics:Console

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Introduction

Manipulator Action
setw(n) Set the field width to n.
setprecision(n) Set the floating-point precision to n places.
setfill('x') Set the default leading fill character to x.
setiosflags(flags) Set the format flags.
scientific Set the output to display real numbers in scientific notation.
showbase Display the base used for numbers. A leading 0 is displayed for octal numbers and a leading 0x for hexadecimal numbers.
showpointAlways display six digits total. Fill with trailing zeros, if necessary.
showpos Display all positive numbers with a leading + sign.
boolalphaDisplay Boolean values as true and false rather than 1 and 0.
dec Set the output for decimal display, which is the default.
endl Output a newline character and display all characters in the buffer.
fixedAlways show a decimal point and use a default of six digits after the decimal point. Fill with trailing zeros, if necessary.
flushDisplay all characters in the buffer.
left Left-justify all numbers.
hex Set the output for hexadecimal display.
oct Set the output for octal display.
uppercaseDisplay hexadecimal digits and the exponent in scientific notation in uppercase.
rightRight-justify all numbers (the default).
noboolalpha Display Boolean values as 1 and 0 rather than true and false.
noshowbase Don't display octal numbers with a leading 0 and hexadecimal numbers with a leading 0x.
noshowpoint Don't use a decimal point for real numbers with no fractional parts, don't display trailing zeros in the fractional part of a number, and display a maximum of six decimal digits only.
noshowposDon't display leading + signs (the default).
nouppercase Display hexadecimal digits and the exponent in scientific notation in lowercase.

The following code shows the use of this field width.

Demo Code

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;
int main()/*from  w w w . ja v a 2 s  . c  o m*/
{
   cout << setw(3) << 6 << endl << setw(3) << 18 << endl << setw(3) << 124 << endl << "---\n" << (6+18+124) << endl;
   cout << "The number is " << setw(6) << setiosflags(ios::fixed) << setprecision(2)   << 26.27 << endl;
   cout << "The number is " << setw(6) << setiosflags(ios::fixed) << setprecision(2)   << 12.3 << endl;
   cout << "The number is " << setw(6) << setiosflags(ios::fixed) << setprecision(2)   << 1.12 << endl;
   cout << setw(6) << setiosflags(ios::fixed) << setprecision(2) << 12.27 << endl;
   cout << setw(6) << setiosflags(ios::fixed) << setprecision(2) << 122.3 << endl;
   cout << setw(6) << setiosflags(ios::fixed) << setprecision(2) << 1.1212 << endl;
   cout << "------\n";
   cout << setw(6) << setiosflags(ios::fixed) << setprecision(2) << 26.27 + 12.3 + 1.1212 << endl;
   cout << setw(5) << setiosflags(ios::fixed) << setprecision(2) << 26.27 << endl;
   cout << setw(5) << setiosflags(ios::fixed) << setprecision(2) << 1212.3 << endl;
   cout << setw(5) << setiosflags(ios::fixed) << setprecision(2) << 1.1212 << endl;
   cout << "-----\n";
   cout << setw(5) << setiosflags(ios::fixed) << setprecision(2) << 26.27 + 1212.3 + 1.1212 << endl;
   cout << setw(5) << setiosflags(ios::fixed) << setprecision(2) << 36.12 << endl;
   cout << setw(5) << setiosflags(ios::fixed) << setprecision(2) << 10.1212 << endl;
   cout << "-----" << endl;
   cout << "\nThe value of 14 in octal is " << oct << 14 ;
   cout << "\nThe value of 14 in hexadecimal is " << hex << 14 ;
   cout << "\nThe value of 0xA in decimal is " << dec << 0xA ;
   cout << "\nThe value of 0xA in octal is " << oct << 0xA ;
   cout << endl;
   return 0;
}

Result


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