The BETWEEN operator allows you to formulate certain conditions a bit more easily.
select ename, init, msal from emp where msal between 1300 and 1600;
BETWEEN operator includes both border values (1300 and 1600) of the interval.
The BETWEEN operator has its own built-in negation option.
Therefore, the following three SQL expressions are logically equivalent:
where msal NOT between 1000 and 2000 where NOT msal between 1000 and 2000 where msal < 1000 OR msal > 2000
SQL> SQL> drop table emp; Table dropped.-- from www . ja v a 2 s. c o m SQL> create table emp( 2 empno NUMBER(4) primary key, 3 ename VARCHAR2(8) not null , 4 init VARCHAR2(5) not null , 5 job VARCHAR2(8) , 6 mgr NUMBER(4) , 7 bdate DATE not null , 8 msal NUMBER(6,2) not null , 9 comm NUMBER(6,2) , 10 deptno NUMBER(2) default 10) ; SQL> SQL> insert into emp values(7001,'SMITH','N', 'TRAINER', 7902,date '1975-12-17', 1800 , NULL, 20); SQL> insert into emp values(7002,'ALLEN','JAM','SALESREP',7006,date '1971-05-20', 1600, 300, 30); SQL> insert into emp values(7003,'WARD', 'TF' ,'SALESREP',7006,date '1972-03-02', 1250, 500, 10); SQL> insert into emp values(7004,'JACK', 'JM', 'MANAGER', 7009,date '1977-04-02', 2975, NULL, 20); SQL> insert into emp values(7005,'BROWN','P', 'SALESREP',7006,date '1976-09-28', 1250, 1400, 30); SQL> insert into emp values(7006,'BLAKE','R', 'MANAGER', 7009,date '1973-11-01', 2850, NULL, 10); SQL> insert into emp values(7007,'CLARK','AB', 'MANAGER', 7009,date '1975-06-09', 2450, NULL, 10); SQL> insert into emp values(7008,'SCOTT','DEF','TRAINER', 7004,date '1979-11-26', 3000, NULL, 20); SQL> insert into emp values(7009,'KING', 'CC', 'DIRECTOR',NULL,date '1972-10-17', 5000, NULL, 10); SQL> insert into emp values(7010,'BREAD','JJ', 'SALESREP',7006,date '1978-09-28', 1500, 0, 30); SQL> insert into emp values(7011,'ADAMS','AA', 'TRAINER', 7008,date '1976-12-30', 1100, NULL, 20); SQL> insert into emp values(7012,'JONES','R', 'ADMIN', 7006,date '1979-10-03', 8000, NULL, 30); SQL> insert into emp values(7902,'FORD', 'MG', 'TRAINER', 7004,date '1979-02-13', 3000, NULL, 20); SQL> insert into emp values(7934,'MARY', 'ABC','ADMIN', 7007,date '1972-01-23', 1300, NULL, 10); SQL> select ename, init, msal 2 from emp 3 where msal between 1300 and 1600; ENAME | INIT | MSAL -------- | ----- | --------- ALLEN | JAM | 01600.00 BREAD | JJ | 01500.00 MARY | ABC | 01300.00 SQL> SQL> select ename, init, msal 2 from emp 3 where NOT msal between 1000 and 1600; ENAME | INIT | MSAL -------- | ----- | --------- SMITH | N | 01800.00 JACK | JM | 02975.00 BLAKE | R | 02850.00 CLARK | AB | 02450.00 SCOTT | DEF | 03000.00 KING | CC | 05000.00 JONES | R | 08000.00 FORD | MG | 03000.00 8 rows selected. SQL> SQL> select ename, init, msal 2 from emp 3 where msal < 1000 OR msal > 1600; ENAME | INIT | MSAL -------- | ----- | --------- SMITH | N | 01800.00 JACK | JM | 02975.00 BLAKE | R | 02850.00 CLARK | AB | 02450.00 SCOTT | DEF | 03000.00 KING | CC | 05000.00 JONES | R | 08000.00 FORD | MG | 03000.00 8 rows selected. SQL>