Java OCA OCP Practice Question 346

Question 

What is the output of the following program? 

1: public class Main { 
2:  public static void main(String[] args) { 
3:    int x = 5, j = 0; 
4:    OUTER: for(int i=0; i<3; )  
5:      INNER: do { 
6:        i++; x++; /*from ww w.j  av  a 2  s . co  m*/
7:        if(x > 10) break INNER; 
8:        x += 4; 
9:        j++; 
10:      } while(j <= 2); 
11:    System.out.println(x); 
12: } 
13:}
  • A. 10
  • B. 12
  • C. 13
  • D. 17
  • E. The code will not compile because of line 4.
  • F. The code will not compile because of line 6. 


B.

Note

The code compiles and runs without issue; therefore, options E and F are incorrect.

This type of problem is best examined one loop iteration at a time:

On the first iteration of the outer loop i is 0, so the loop continues.

On the first iteration of the inner loop, i is updated to 1 and x to 6.

The if-then statement branch is not executed, and x is increased to 10 and j to 1.

On the second iteration of the inner loop (since j = 1 and 1 <= 2), i is updated to 2 and x to 11.

At this point, the if-then branch will evaluate to true for the remainder of the program run, which causes the flow to break out of the inner loop each time it is reached.

On the second iteration of the outer loop (since i = 2), i is updated to 3 and x to 12. As before, the inner loop is broken since x is still greater than 10.

On the third iteration of the outer loop, the outer loop is broken, as i is already not less than 3.

The most recent value of x, 12, is output, so the answer is option B.




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