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/**********************************************************
Copyright (C) 2001 Daniel Selman
First distributed with the book "Java 3D Programming"
by Daniel Selman and published by Manning Publications.
http://manning.com/selman
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
as published by the Free Software Foundation, version 2.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
The license can be found on the WWW at:
http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/gpl.html
Or by writing to:
Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
Authors can be contacted at:
Daniel Selman: daniel@selman.org
If you make changes you think others would like, please
contact one of the authors or someone at the
www.j3d.org web site.
**************************************************************/
/**
* This example creates a 3D fly-over of the city of Boston. The viewer is
* animated using a RotPosScaleTCBSplinePathInterpolator as well as 3
* helicopters. The example uses PointSounds attached to the helicopters to
* generate 3D spatial audio.
*/
import java.applet.Applet;
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Component;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.Frame;
import java.awt.GraphicsConfigTemplate;
import java.awt.GraphicsDevice;
import java.awt.GraphicsEnvironment;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.Vector;
import javax.media.j3d.Alpha;
import javax.media.j3d.Appearance;
import javax.media.j3d.AudioDevice;
import javax.media.j3d.Background;
import javax.media.j3d.BackgroundSound;
import javax.media.j3d.Behavior;
import javax.media.j3d.BoundingSphere;
import javax.media.j3d.Bounds;
import javax.media.j3d.BranchGroup;
import javax.media.j3d.Canvas3D;
import javax.media.j3d.ColoringAttributes;
import javax.media.j3d.DistanceLOD;
import javax.media.j3d.GeometryArray;
import javax.media.j3d.GraphicsConfigTemplate3D;
import javax.media.j3d.Group;
import javax.media.j3d.ImageComponent2D;
import javax.media.j3d.Locale;
import javax.media.j3d.MediaContainer;
import javax.media.j3d.Node;
import javax.media.j3d.PhysicalBody;
import javax.media.j3d.PhysicalEnvironment;
import javax.media.j3d.PointSound;
import javax.media.j3d.QuadArray;
import javax.media.j3d.Shape3D;
import javax.media.j3d.Sound;
import javax.media.j3d.Switch;
import javax.media.j3d.Texture;
import javax.media.j3d.Transform3D;
import javax.media.j3d.TransformGroup;
import javax.media.j3d.View;
import javax.media.j3d.ViewPlatform;
import javax.media.j3d.VirtualUniverse;
import javax.media.j3d.WakeupCondition;
import javax.media.j3d.WakeupCriterion;
import javax.media.j3d.WakeupOnCollisionEntry;
import javax.media.j3d.WakeupOnCollisionExit;
import javax.media.j3d.WakeupOr;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JSlider;
import javax.swing.event.ChangeEvent;
import javax.swing.event.ChangeListener;
import javax.vecmath.Color3f;
import javax.vecmath.Point2f;
import javax.vecmath.Point3d;
import javax.vecmath.Point3f;
import javax.vecmath.Quat4f;
import javax.vecmath.Vector3d;
import javax.vecmath.Vector3f;
import javax.vecmath.Vector4f;
import com.sun.j3d.audioengines.javasound.JavaSoundMixer;
import com.sun.j3d.loaders.Scene;
import com.sun.j3d.loaders.objectfile.ObjectFile;
import com.sun.j3d.utils.applet.MainFrame;
import com.sun.j3d.utils.behaviors.interpolators.RotPosScaleTCBSplinePathInterpolator;
import com.sun.j3d.utils.behaviors.interpolators.TCBKeyFrame;
import com.sun.j3d.utils.geometry.Primitive;
import com.sun.j3d.utils.geometry.Sphere;
import com.sun.j3d.utils.image.TextureLoader;
/*
* This example uses a Spline Interpolator to animate a fly-over the city of
* Boston. The city is rendered using satellite images with a Level of Detail
* behavior. The scene includes a number of moving helicopters, each with an
* associated sound.
*/
public class SplineInterpolatorTest extends Java3dApplet {
// size of the 3D window - enlage on powerful systems
private static int m_kWidth = 200;
private static int m_kHeight = 200;
// a shared appearance for the buildings we create
private Appearance m_BuildingAppearance = null;
// the size of the high resolution "world".
// the world is centered at 0,0,0 and extends
// to +- LAND_WIDTH in the x direction and
//+- LAND_LENGTH in the z direction.
// These dimensions are loosely based on pixel
// coordinates from the texture images
private static final float LAND_WIDTH = 180;
private static final float LAND_LENGTH = 180;
// the satellite images used as textures have
// been manually edited so that the water in the
// images corresponds to the following RGB values.
// this allows the application to avoid creating
// buildings in the water!
private static final float WATER_COLOR_RED = 0;
private static final float WATER_COLOR_GREEN = 57;
private static final float WATER_COLOR_BLUE = 123;
public SplineInterpolatorTest() {
initJava3d();
}
// scale eveything so we can use pixel coordinates
protected double getScale() {
return 0.1;
}
protected int getCanvas3dWidth(Canvas3D c3d) {
return m_kWidth;
}
protected int getCanvas3dHeight(Canvas3D c3d) {
return m_kHeight;
}
protected Bounds createApplicationBounds() {
m_ApplicationBounds = new BoundingSphere(new Point3d(0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
10.0);
return m_ApplicationBounds;
}
// we want a texture mapped background of a sky
protected Background createBackground() {
// add the sky backdrop
Background back = new Background();
back.setApplicationBounds(getApplicationBounds());
BranchGroup bgGeometry = new BranchGroup();
// create an appearance and assign the texture image
Appearance app = new Appearance();
Texture tex = new TextureLoader("sky.gif", this).getTexture();
app.setTexture(tex);
Sphere sphere = new Sphere(1.0f, Primitive.GENERATE_TEXTURE_COORDS
| Primitive.GENERATE_NORMALS_INWARD, app);
bgGeometry.addChild(sphere);
back.setGeometry(bgGeometry);
return back;
}
// this controls how close to a helicopter we can
// be and still hear it. If the helicopters sound
// scheduling bounds intersect our ViewPlatformActivationRadius
// the sound of the helicopter is potentially audible.
protected float getViewPlatformActivationRadius() {
return 20;
}
// creates the objects within our world
protected BranchGroup createSceneBranchGroup() {
BranchGroup objRoot = super.createSceneBranchGroup();
// create a root TG in case we need to scale the scene
TransformGroup objTrans = new TransformGroup();
objTrans.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_WRITE);
objTrans.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_READ);
Transform3D t3d = new Transform3D();
objTrans.setTransform(t3d);
Group hiResGroup = createLodLand(objTrans);
createBuildings(objTrans);
createHelicopters(objTrans);
// connect
objRoot.addChild(objTrans);
return objRoot;
}
// we create 2 TransformGroups above the ViewPlatform:
// the first merely applies a scale, while the second
// has a RotPosScaleTCBSplinePathInterpolator attached
// so that the viewer of the scene is animated along
// a spline curve.
public TransformGroup[] getViewTransformGroupArray() {
TransformGroup[] tgArray = new TransformGroup[2];
tgArray[0] = new TransformGroup();
tgArray[1] = new TransformGroup();
Transform3D t3d = new Transform3D();
t3d.setScale(getScale());
t3d.invert();
tgArray[0].setTransform(t3d);
// create an Alpha object for the Interpolator
Alpha alpha = new Alpha(-1, Alpha.INCREASING_ENABLE
| Alpha.DECREASING_ENABLE, 0, 0, 25000, 4000, 100, 20000, 5000,
50);
// ensure the Interpolator can access the TG
tgArray[1].setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_WRITE);
try {
// create the Interpolator and load the keyframes from disk
RotPosScaleTCBSplinePathInterpolator splineInterpolator = Utils
.createSplinePathInterpolator(new UiAlpha(alpha),
tgArray[1], new Transform3D(), new URL(
getWorkingDirectory(),
"rotate_viewer_spline.xls"));
// set the scheduling bounds and attach to the scenegraph
splineInterpolator.setSchedulingBounds(getApplicationBounds());
tgArray[1].addChild(splineInterpolator);
} catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println(e.toString());
}
return tgArray;
}
// overidden so that the example can use audio
protected AudioDevice createAudioDevice(PhysicalEnvironment pe) {
return new JavaSoundMixer(pe);
}
// creates a Switch group that contains two versions
// of the world - the first is a high resolution version,
// the second if a lower resolution version.
public Group createLodLand(Group g) {
Switch switchNode = new Switch();
switchNode.setCapability(Switch.ALLOW_SWITCH_WRITE);
Group hiResGroup = createLand(switchNode);
createEnvirons(switchNode);
// create a DistanceLOD that will select the child of
// the Switch node based on distance. Here we are selecting
// child 0 (high res) if we are closer than 180 units to
// 0,0,0 and child 1 (low res) otherwise.
float[] distanceArray = { 180 };
DistanceLOD distanceLod = new DistanceLOD(distanceArray);
distanceLod.setSchedulingBounds(getApplicationBounds());
distanceLod.addSwitch(switchNode);
g.addChild(distanceLod);
g.addChild(switchNode);
return hiResGroup;
}
// creates a high resolution representation of the world.
// a single texture mapped square and a larger (water colored)
// square to act as a horizon.
public Group createLand(Group g) {
Land land = new Land(this, g, ComplexObject.GEOMETRY
| ComplexObject.TEXTURE);
Group hiResGroup = land.createObject(new Appearance(), new Vector3d(),
new Vector3d(LAND_WIDTH, 1, LAND_LENGTH), "boston.gif", null,
null);
Appearance app = new Appearance();
app.setColoringAttributes(new ColoringAttributes(
WATER_COLOR_RED / 255f, WATER_COLOR_GREEN / 255f,
WATER_COLOR_BLUE / 255f, ColoringAttributes.FASTEST));
Land base = new Land(this, hiResGroup, ComplexObject.GEOMETRY);
base.createObject(app, new Vector3d(0, -5, 0), new Vector3d(
4 * LAND_WIDTH, 1, 4 * LAND_LENGTH), null, null, null);
return hiResGroup;
}
// creates a low resolution version of the world and
// applies the low resolution satellite image
public Group createEnvirons(Group g) {
Land environs = new Land(this, g, ComplexObject.GEOMETRY
| ComplexObject.TEXTURE);
return environs.createObject(new Appearance(), new Vector3d(),
new Vector3d(2 * LAND_WIDTH, 1, 2 * LAND_LENGTH),
"environs.gif", null, null);
}
// returns true if the given x,z location in the world
// corresponds to water in the satellite image
protected boolean isLocationWater(BufferedImage image, float posX,
float posZ) {
Color color = null;
float imageWidth = image.getWidth();
float imageHeight = image.getHeight();
// range from 0 to 1
float nPixelX = (posX + LAND_WIDTH) / (2 * LAND_WIDTH);
float nPixelY = (posZ + LAND_LENGTH) / (2 * LAND_LENGTH);
// rescale
nPixelX *= imageWidth;
nPixelY *= imageHeight;
if (nPixelX >= 0 && nPixelX < imageWidth && nPixelY >= 0
&& nPixelY < imageHeight) {
color = new Color(image.getRGB((int) nPixelX, (int) nPixelY));
return (color.getBlue() >= WATER_COLOR_BLUE
&& color.getGreen() <= WATER_COLOR_GREEN && color.getRed() <= WATER_COLOR_RED);
}
return false;
}
// creates up to 120 building objects - ensures that
// buildings are not positioned over water.
public Group createBuildings(Group g) {
m_BuildingAppearance = new Appearance();
BranchGroup bg = new BranchGroup();
Texture tex = new TextureLoader("boston.gif", this).getTexture();
BufferedImage image = ((ImageComponent2D) tex.getImage(0)).getImage();
final int nMaxBuildings = 120;
for (int n = 0; n < nMaxBuildings; n++) {
Cuboid building = new Cuboid(this, bg, ComplexObject.GEOMETRY
| ComplexObject.TEXTURE);
float posX = (int) Utils.getRandomNumber(0, LAND_WIDTH);
float posZ = (int) Utils.getRandomNumber(0, LAND_LENGTH);
if (isLocationWater(image, posX, posZ) == false) {
building.createObject(m_BuildingAppearance, new Vector3d(posX,
0, posZ), new Vector3d(Utils.getRandomNumber(3, 2),
Utils.getRandomNumber(8, 7), Utils
.getRandomNumber(3, 2)), "house.gif", null,
null);
}
}
g.addChild(bg);
return bg;
}
// creates three helicopters
public void createHelicopters(Group g) {
for (int n = 0; n < 3; n++)
createHelicopter(g);
}
// edit the positions of the clipping
// planes so we don't clip on the front
// plane prematurely
protected double getBackClipDistance() {
return 50.0;
}
protected double getFrontClipDistance() {
return 0.1;
}
// creates a single helicopter object
public Group createHelicopter(Group g) {
BranchGroup bg = new BranchGroup();
Helicopter heli = new Helicopter(this, bg, ComplexObject.GEOMETRY
| ComplexObject.SOUND);
heli.createObject(new Appearance(), new Vector3d(Utils.getRandomNumber(
0, LAND_WIDTH), Utils.getRandomNumber(15, 5), Utils
.getRandomNumber(0, LAND_LENGTH)), new Vector3d(10, 10, 10),
null, "heli.wav", null);
g.addChild(bg);
return bg;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SplineInterpolatorTest splineInterpolatorTest = new SplineInterpolatorTest();
splineInterpolatorTest.saveCommandLineArguments(args);
new MainFrame(splineInterpolatorTest, m_kWidth, m_kHeight);
}
}
/*******************************************************************************
* Copyright (C) 2001 Daniel Selman
*
* First distributed with the book "Java 3D Programming" by Daniel Selman and
* published by Manning Publications. http://manning.com/selman
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
* the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
* Foundation, version 2.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
* ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
* FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more
* details.
*
* The license can be found on the WWW at: http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/gpl.html
*
* Or by writing to: Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite
* 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
*
* Authors can be contacted at: Daniel Selman: daniel@selman.org
*
* If you make changes you think others would like, please contact one of the
* authors or someone at the www.j3d.org web site.
******************************************************************************/
//*****************************************************************************
/**
* Java3dApplet
*
* Base class for defining a Java 3D applet. Contains some useful methods for
* defining views and scenegraphs etc.
*
* @author Daniel Selman
* @version 1.0
*/
//*****************************************************************************
abstract class Java3dApplet extends Applet {
public static int m_kWidth = 300;
public static int m_kHeight = 300;
protected String[] m_szCommandLineArray = null;
protected VirtualUniverse m_Universe = null;
protected BranchGroup m_SceneBranchGroup = null;
protected Bounds m_ApplicationBounds = null;
// protected com.tornadolabs.j3dtree.Java3dTree m_Java3dTree = null;
public Java3dApplet() {
}
public boolean isApplet() {
try {
System.getProperty("user.dir");
System.out.println("Running as Application.");
return false;
} catch (Exception e) {
}
System.out.println("Running as Applet.");
return true;
}
public URL getWorkingDirectory() throws java.net.MalformedURLException {
URL url = null;
try {
File file = new File(System.getProperty("user.dir"));
System.out.println("Running as Application:");
System.out.println(" " + file.toURL());
return file.toURL();
} catch (Exception e) {
}
System.out.println("Running as Applet:");
System.out.println(" " + getCodeBase());
return getCodeBase();
}
public VirtualUniverse getVirtualUniverse() {
return m_Universe;
}
//public com.tornadolabs.j3dtree.Java3dTree getJ3dTree() {
//return m_Java3dTree;
// }
public Locale getFirstLocale() {
java.util.Enumeration e = m_Universe.getAllLocales();
if (e.hasMoreElements() != false)
return (Locale) e.nextElement();
return null;
}
protected Bounds getApplicationBounds() {
if (m_ApplicationBounds == null)
m_ApplicationBounds = createApplicationBounds();
return m_ApplicationBounds;
}
protected Bounds createApplicationBounds() {
m_ApplicationBounds = new BoundingSphere(new Point3d(0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
100.0);
return m_ApplicationBounds;
}
protected Background createBackground() {
Background back = new Background(new Color3f(0.9f, 0.9f, 0.9f));
back.setApplicationBounds(createApplicationBounds());
return back;
}
public void initJava3d() {
// m_Java3dTree = new com.tornadolabs.j3dtree.Java3dTree();
m_Universe = createVirtualUniverse();
Locale locale = createLocale(m_Universe);
BranchGroup sceneBranchGroup = createSceneBranchGroup();
ViewPlatform vp = createViewPlatform();
BranchGroup viewBranchGroup = createViewBranchGroup(
getViewTransformGroupArray(), vp);
createView(vp);
Background background = createBackground();
if (background != null)
sceneBranchGroup.addChild(background);
// m_Java3dTree.recursiveApplyCapability(sceneBranchGroup);
// m_Java3dTree.recursiveApplyCapability(viewBranchGroup);
locale.addBranchGraph(sceneBranchGroup);
addViewBranchGroup(locale, viewBranchGroup);
onDoneInit();
}
protected void onDoneInit() {
// m_Java3dTree.updateNodes(m_Universe);
}
protected double getScale() {
return 1.0;
}
public TransformGroup[] getViewTransformGroupArray() {
TransformGroup[] tgArray = new TransformGroup[1];
tgArray[0] = new TransformGroup();
// move the camera BACK a little...
// note that we have to invert the matrix as
// we are moving the viewer
Transform3D t3d = new Transform3D();
t3d.setScale(getScale());
t3d.setTranslation(new Vector3d(0.0, 0.0, -20.0));
t3d.invert();
tgArray[0].setTransform(t3d);
return tgArray;
}
protected void addViewBranchGroup(Locale locale, BranchGroup bg) {
locale.addBranchGraph(bg);
}
protected Locale createLocale(VirtualUniverse u) {
return new Locale(u);
}
protected BranchGroup createSceneBranchGroup() {
m_SceneBranchGroup = new BranchGroup();
return m_SceneBranchGroup;
}
protected View createView(ViewPlatform vp) {
View view = new View();
PhysicalBody pb = createPhysicalBody();
PhysicalEnvironment pe = createPhysicalEnvironment();
AudioDevice audioDevice = createAudioDevice(pe);
if (audioDevice != null) {
pe.setAudioDevice(audioDevice);
audioDevice.initialize();
}
view.setPhysicalEnvironment(pe);
view.setPhysicalBody(pb);
if (vp != null)
view.attachViewPlatform(vp);
view.setBackClipDistance(getBackClipDistance());
view.setFrontClipDistance(getFrontClipDistance());
Canvas3D c3d = createCanvas3D();
view.addCanvas3D(c3d);
addCanvas3D(c3d);
return view;
}
protected PhysicalBody createPhysicalBody() {
return new PhysicalBody();
}
protected AudioDevice createAudioDevice(PhysicalEnvironment pe) {
JavaSoundMixer javaSoundMixer = new JavaSoundMixer(pe);
if (javaSoundMixer == null)
System.out.println("create of audiodevice failed");
return javaSoundMixer;
}
protected PhysicalEnvironment createPhysicalEnvironment() {
return new PhysicalEnvironment();
}
protected float getViewPlatformActivationRadius() {
return 100;
}
protected ViewPlatform createViewPlatform() {
ViewPlatform vp = new ViewPlatform();
vp.setViewAttachPolicy(View.RELATIVE_TO_FIELD_OF_VIEW);
vp.setActivationRadius(getViewPlatformActivationRadius());
return vp;
}
protected Canvas3D createCanvas3D() {
GraphicsConfigTemplate3D gc3D = new GraphicsConfigTemplate3D();
gc3D.setSceneAntialiasing(GraphicsConfigTemplate.PREFERRED);
GraphicsDevice gd[] = GraphicsEnvironment.getLocalGraphicsEnvironment()
.getScreenDevices();
Canvas3D c3d = new Canvas3D(gd[0].getBestConfiguration(gc3D));
c3d.setSize(getCanvas3dWidth(c3d), getCanvas3dHeight(c3d));
return c3d;
}
protected int getCanvas3dWidth(Canvas3D c3d) {
return m_kWidth;
}
protected int getCanvas3dHeight(Canvas3D c3d) {
return m_kHeight;
}
protected double getBackClipDistance() {
return 100.0;
}
protected double getFrontClipDistance() {
return 1.0;
}
protected BranchGroup createViewBranchGroup(TransformGroup[] tgArray,
ViewPlatform vp) {
BranchGroup vpBranchGroup = new BranchGroup();
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