Use NOT EXISTS to represent the ALL operator
26>
27> CREATE TABLE employee (emp_no INTEGER NOT NULL,
28> emp_fname CHAR(20) NOT NULL,
29> emp_lname CHAR(20) NOT NULL,
30> dept_no CHAR(4) NULL)
31>
32> insert into employee values(1, 'Matthew', 'Smith', 'd3')
33> insert into employee values(2, 'Ann', 'Jones', 'd3')
34> insert into employee values(3, 'John', 'Barrimore','d1')
35> insert into employee values(4, 'James', 'James', 'd2')
36> insert into employee values(5, 'Elsa', 'Bertoni', 'd2')
37> insert into employee values(6, 'Elke', 'Hansel', 'd2')
38> insert into employee values(7, 'Sybill', 'Moser', 'd1')
39>
40> select * from employee
41> GO
(1 rows affected)
(1 rows affected)
(1 rows affected)
(1 rows affected)
(1 rows affected)
(1 rows affected)
(1 rows affected)
emp_no emp_fname emp_lname dept_no
----------- -------------------- -------------------- -------
1 Matthew Smith d3
2 Ann Jones d3
3 John Barrimore d1
4 James James d2
5 Elsa Bertoni d2
6 Elke Hansel d2
7 Sybill Moser d1
(7 rows affected)
1>
2> CREATE TABLE works_on (emp_no INTEGER NOT NULL,
3> project_no CHAR(4) NOT NULL,
4> job CHAR (15) NULL,
5> enter_date DATETIME NULL)
6>
7> insert into works_on values (1, 'p1', 'analyst', '1997.10.1')
8> insert into works_on values (1, 'p3', 'manager', '1999.1.1')
9> insert into works_on values (2, 'p2', 'clerk', '1998.2.15')
10> insert into works_on values (2, 'p2', NULL, '1998.6.1')
11> insert into works_on values (3, 'p2', NULL, '1997.12.15')
12> insert into works_on values (4, 'p3', 'analyst', '1998.10.15')
13> insert into works_on values (5, 'p1', 'manager', '1998.4.15')
14> insert into works_on values (6, 'p1', NULL, '1998.8.1')
15> insert into works_on values (7, 'p2', 'clerk', '1999.2.1')
16> insert into works_on values (8, 'p3', 'clerk', '1997.11.15')
17> insert into works_on values (7, 'p1', 'clerk', '1998.1.4')
18>
19> select * from works_on
20> GO
(1 rows affected)
(1 rows affected)
(1 rows affected)
(1 rows affected)
(1 rows affected)
(1 rows affected)
(1 rows affected)
(1 rows affected)
(1 rows affected)
(1 rows affected)
(1 rows affected)
emp_no project_no job enter_date
----------- ---------- --------------- -----------------------
1 p1 analyst 1997-10-01 00:00:00.000
1 p3 manager 1999-01-01 00:00:00.000
2 p2 clerk 1998-02-15 00:00:00.000
2 p2 NULL 1998-06-01 00:00:00.000
3 p2 NULL 1997-12-15 00:00:00.000
4 p3 analyst 1998-10-15 00:00:00.000
5 p1 manager 1998-04-15 00:00:00.000
6 p1 NULL 1998-08-01 00:00:00.000
7 p2 clerk 1999-02-01 00:00:00.000
8 p3 clerk 1997-11-15 00:00:00.000
7 p1 clerk 1998-01-04 00:00:00.000
(11 rows affected)
1> --Use NOT EXISTS to represent the ALL operator.
2>
3> SELECT DISTINCT job FROM works_on WHERE NOT EXISTS
4> (SELECT * FROM employee WHERE works_on.emp_no > employee.emp_no)
5> GO
job
---------------
analyst
manager
(2 rows affected)
1>
2> drop table works_on
3> drop table employee
4> GO
1>
2>
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