Scanf() function is the console input routine. - C Language Basics

Introduction

scanf can read all the built-in data types and automatically convert numbers into the proper internal format.

It is like the reverse of printf( ).

The prototype for scanf( ) is

int scanf(const char *control_string, . . . );

The scanf( ) function returns the number of data items assigned a value.

If an error occurs, scanf( ) returns EOF.

The control_string determines how values are read into the variables pointed to in the argument list.

The control string consists of three classifications of characters:

• Format specifiers
• White-space characters
• Non-white-space characters

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