Java tutorial
/* * @(#)ConicWorld.java 1.27 02/10/21 13:38:29 * * Copyright (c) 1996-2002 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All Rights Reserved. * * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions * are met: * * - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * * - Redistribution in binary form must reproduce the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in * the documentation and/or other materials provided with the * distribution. * * Neither the name of Sun Microsystems, Inc. or the names of * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived * from this software without specific prior written permission. * * This software is provided "AS IS," without a warranty of any * kind. ALL EXPRESS OR IMPLIED CONDITIONS, REPRESENTATIONS AND * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR NON-INFRINGEMENT, ARE HEREBY * EXCLUDED. SUN AND ITS LICENSORS SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES * SUFFERED BY LICENSEE AS A RESULT OF USING, MODIFYING OR * DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE OR ITS DERIVATIVES. IN NO EVENT WILL SUN * OR ITS LICENSORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOST REVENUE, PROFIT OR DATA, OR * FOR DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, INCIDENTAL OR * PUNITIVE DAMAGES, HOWEVER CAUSED AND REGARDLESS OF THE THEORY OF * LIABILITY, ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF OR INABILITY TO USE SOFTWARE, * EVEN IF SUN HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. * * You acknowledge that Software is not designed,licensed or intended * for use in the design, construction, operation or maintenance of * any nuclear facility. */ import java.applet.Applet; import java.awt.BorderLayout; import java.awt.GraphicsConfiguration; import javax.media.j3d.Alpha; import javax.media.j3d.AmbientLight; import javax.media.j3d.Appearance; import javax.media.j3d.Background; import javax.media.j3d.BoundingSphere; import javax.media.j3d.BranchGroup; import javax.media.j3d.Canvas3D; import javax.media.j3d.ColoringAttributes; import javax.media.j3d.DirectionalLight; import javax.media.j3d.Group; import javax.media.j3d.Material; import javax.media.j3d.RotationInterpolator; import javax.media.j3d.TextureAttributes; import javax.media.j3d.Transform3D; import javax.media.j3d.TransformGroup; import javax.vecmath.Color3f; import javax.vecmath.Point3d; import javax.vecmath.Vector3d; import javax.vecmath.Vector3f; import com.sun.j3d.utils.applet.MainFrame; import com.sun.j3d.utils.geometry.Cone; import com.sun.j3d.utils.geometry.Cylinder; import com.sun.j3d.utils.geometry.Primitive; import com.sun.j3d.utils.geometry.Sphere; import com.sun.j3d.utils.image.TextureLoader; import com.sun.j3d.utils.universe.SimpleUniverse; /** * ConicWorld creates spheres, cylinders, and cones of different resolutions and * colors. Demonstrates the use of the various geometry creation constructors * found in the com.sun.j3d.utils.geometry package. */ public class ConicWorld extends Applet { private java.net.URL texImage = null; private SimpleUniverse u = null; public BranchGroup createSceneGraph(Canvas3D c) { // Create the root of the branch graph BranchGroup objRoot = new BranchGroup(); // Create a bounds for the background and behaviors BoundingSphere bounds = new BoundingSphere(new Point3d(0.0, 0.0, 0.0), 100.0); // Set up the background Color3f bgColor = new Color3f(0.05f, 0.05f, 0.2f); Background bg = new Background(bgColor); bg.setApplicationBounds(bounds); objRoot.addChild(bg); // Set up the global lights Color3f lColor1 = new Color3f(0.7f, 0.7f, 0.7f); Vector3f lDir1 = new Vector3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f); Color3f alColor = new Color3f(0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f); AmbientLight aLgt = new AmbientLight(alColor); aLgt.setInfluencingBounds(bounds); DirectionalLight lgt1 = new DirectionalLight(lColor1, lDir1); lgt1.setInfluencingBounds(bounds); objRoot.addChild(aLgt); objRoot.addChild(lgt1); // Create a bunch of objects with a behavior and add them // into the scene graph. int row, col; int numRows = 3, numCols = 5; Appearance[][] app = new Appearance[numRows][numCols]; for (row = 0; row < numRows; row++) for (col = 0; col < numCols; col++) app[row][col] = createAppearance(row * numCols + col); // Space between each row/column double xspace = 2.0 / ((double) numCols - 1.0); double yspace = 2.0 / ((double) numRows - 1.0); for (int i = 0; i < numRows; i++) { double ypos = ((double) i * yspace - 1.0) * 0.6; for (int j = 0; j < numCols; j++) { double xpos = xpos = ((double) j * xspace - 1.0) * 0.6; objRoot.addChild(createObject(i, j, app[i][j], 0.1, xpos, ypos)); } } // Let Java 3D perform optimizations on this scene graph. objRoot.compile(); return objRoot; } private Appearance createAppearance(int idx) { Appearance app = new Appearance(); // Globally used colors Color3f black = new Color3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); Color3f white = new Color3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); idx = idx % 5; switch (idx) { // Lit solid case 0: { // Set up the material properties Color3f objColor = new Color3f(0.8f, 0.0f, 0.0f); app.setMaterial(new Material(objColor, black, objColor, white, 80.0f)); break; } // Lit solid, no specular case 1: { // Set up the material properties Color3f objColor = new Color3f(0.0f, 0.8f, 0.0f); app.setMaterial(new Material(objColor, black, objColor, white, 80.0f)); break; } // Lit solid, specular only case 2: { // Set up the material properties Color3f objColor = new Color3f(0.0f, 0.8f, 0.8f); app.setMaterial(new Material(black, black, objColor, white, 80.0f)); break; } // Texture mapped, lit solid case 3: { // Set up the texture map TextureLoader tex = new TextureLoader(texImage, this); app.setTexture(tex.getTexture()); // Set up the material properties app.setMaterial(new Material(white, black, white, black, 1.0f)); TextureAttributes texAttr = new TextureAttributes(); texAttr.setTextureMode(TextureAttributes.MODULATE); app.setTextureAttributes(texAttr); break; } // Another lit solid with a different color case 4: { // Set up the material properties Color3f objColor = new Color3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); app.setMaterial(new Material(objColor, black, objColor, white, 80.0f)); break; } default: { ColoringAttributes ca = new ColoringAttributes(); ca.setColor(new Color3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f)); app.setColoringAttributes(ca); } } return app; } private Group createObject(int i, int j, Appearance app, double scale, double xpos, double ypos) { // Create a transform group node to scale and position the object. Transform3D t = new Transform3D(); t.set(scale, new Vector3d(xpos, ypos, 0.0)); TransformGroup objTrans = new TransformGroup(t); // Create a second transform group node and initialize it to the // identity. Enable the TRANSFORM_WRITE capability so that // our behavior code can modify it at runtime. TransformGroup spinTg = new TransformGroup(); spinTg.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_WRITE); spinTg.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_READ); Primitive obj = null; if (i % 3 == 2) { obj = (Primitive) new Sphere(1.0f, Sphere.GENERATE_NORMALS | Sphere.GENERATE_TEXTURE_COORDS, j * 8 + 4, app); } else if (i % 3 == 1) { obj = (Primitive) new Cylinder(1.0f, 2.0f, Cylinder.GENERATE_TEXTURE_COORDS | Cylinder.GENERATE_NORMALS, j * 8 + 4, j * 8 + 4, app); } else if (i % 3 == 0) { obj = (Primitive) new Cone(1.0f, 2.0f, Cone.GENERATE_NORMALS | Cone.GENERATE_TEXTURE_COORDS, j * 8 + 4, j * 8 + 4, app); } // add it to the scene graph. spinTg.addChild(obj); // Create a new Behavior object that will perform the desired // operation on the specified transform object and add it into // the scene graph. Transform3D yAxis = new Transform3D(); Alpha rotationAlpha = new Alpha(-1, Alpha.INCREASING_ENABLE, 0, 0, 5000, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0); RotationInterpolator rotator = new RotationInterpolator(rotationAlpha, spinTg, yAxis, 0.0f, (float) Math.PI * 2.0f); BoundingSphere bounds = new BoundingSphere(new Point3d(0.0, 0.0, 0.0), 100.0); rotator.setSchedulingBounds(bounds); // Add the behavior and the transform group to the object objTrans.addChild(rotator); objTrans.addChild(spinTg); return objTrans; } public ConicWorld() { } public ConicWorld(java.net.URL url) { texImage = url; } public void init() { if (texImage == null) { // the path to the image for an applet try { texImage = new java.net.URL(getCodeBase().toString() + "/earth.jpg"); } catch (java.net.MalformedURLException ex) { System.out.println(ex.getMessage()); System.exit(1); } } setLayout(new BorderLayout()); GraphicsConfiguration config = SimpleUniverse.getPreferredConfiguration(); Canvas3D c = new Canvas3D(config); add("Center", c); // Create a simple scene and attach it to the virtual universe BranchGroup scene = createSceneGraph(c); u = new SimpleUniverse(c); // This will move the ViewPlatform back a bit so the // objects in the scene can be viewed. u.getViewingPlatform().setNominalViewingTransform(); u.addBranchGraph(scene); } public void destroy() { u.cleanup(); } // // The following allows ConicWorld to be run as an application // as well as an applet // public static void main(String[] args) { // the path to the image file for an application java.net.URL url = null; try { url = new java.net.URL("file:earth.jpg"); } catch (java.net.MalformedURLException ex) { System.out.println(ex.getMessage()); System.exit(1); } new MainFrame(new ConicWorld(url), 700, 700); } }