Java Array to String arrayToRLEString(int[] a)

Here you can find the source of arrayToRLEString(int[] a)

Description

Construct a string representing an int array.

License

Open Source License

Declaration


static public final String arrayToRLEString(int[] a) 

Method Source Code

//package com.java2s;

public class Main {
    /**//w  w w. jav a  2 s  .c  o  m
     * The ESCAPE character is used during run-length encoding.  It signals
     * a run of identical chars.
     */
    private static final char ESCAPE = '\uA5A5';
    /**
     * The ESCAPE_BYTE character is used during run-length encoding.  It signals
     * a run of identical bytes.
     */
    static final byte ESCAPE_BYTE = (byte) 0xA5;

    /**
     * Construct a string representing an int array.  Use run-length encoding.
     * A character represents itself, unless it is the ESCAPE character.  Then
     * the following notations are possible:
     *   ESCAPE ESCAPE   ESCAPE literal
     *   ESCAPE n c      n instances of character c
     * Since an encoded run occupies 3 characters, we only encode runs of 4 or
     * more characters.  Thus we have n > 0 and n != ESCAPE and n <= 0xFFFF.
     * If we encounter a run where n == ESCAPE, we represent this as:
     *   c ESCAPE n-1 c
     * The ESCAPE value is chosen so as not to collide with commonly
     * seen values.
     */
    ///CLOVER:OFF
    static public final String arrayToRLEString(int[] a) {
        StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();

        appendInt(buffer, a.length);
        int runValue = a[0];
        int runLength = 1;
        for (int i = 1; i < a.length; ++i) {
            int s = a[i];
            if (s == runValue && runLength < 0xFFFF) {
                ++runLength;
            } else {
                encodeRun(buffer, runValue, runLength);
                runValue = s;
                runLength = 1;
            }
        }
        encodeRun(buffer, runValue, runLength);
        return buffer.toString();
    }

    /**
     * Construct a string representing a short array.  Use run-length encoding.
     * A character represents itself, unless it is the ESCAPE character.  Then
     * the following notations are possible:
     *   ESCAPE ESCAPE   ESCAPE literal
     *   ESCAPE n c      n instances of character c
     * Since an encoded run occupies 3 characters, we only encode runs of 4 or
     * more characters.  Thus we have n > 0 and n != ESCAPE and n <= 0xFFFF.
     * If we encounter a run where n == ESCAPE, we represent this as:
     *   c ESCAPE n-1 c
     * The ESCAPE value is chosen so as not to collide with commonly
     * seen values.
     */
    ///CLOVER:OFF
    static public final String arrayToRLEString(short[] a) {
        StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
        // for (int i=0; i<a.length; ++i) buffer.append((char) a[i]);
        buffer.append((char) (a.length >> 16));
        buffer.append((char) a.length);
        short runValue = a[0];
        int runLength = 1;
        for (int i = 1; i < a.length; ++i) {
            short s = a[i];
            if (s == runValue && runLength < 0xFFFF)
                ++runLength;
            else {
                encodeRun(buffer, runValue, runLength);
                runValue = s;
                runLength = 1;
            }
        }
        encodeRun(buffer, runValue, runLength);
        return buffer.toString();
    }

    /**
     * Construct a string representing a char array.  Use run-length encoding.
     * A character represents itself, unless it is the ESCAPE character.  Then
     * the following notations are possible:
     *   ESCAPE ESCAPE   ESCAPE literal
     *   ESCAPE n c      n instances of character c
     * Since an encoded run occupies 3 characters, we only encode runs of 4 or
     * more characters.  Thus we have n > 0 and n != ESCAPE and n <= 0xFFFF.
     * If we encounter a run where n == ESCAPE, we represent this as:
     *   c ESCAPE n-1 c
     * The ESCAPE value is chosen so as not to collide with commonly
     * seen values.
     */
    static public final String arrayToRLEString(char[] a) {
        StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
        buffer.append((char) (a.length >> 16));
        buffer.append((char) a.length);
        char runValue = a[0];
        int runLength = 1;
        for (int i = 1; i < a.length; ++i) {
            char s = a[i];
            if (s == runValue && runLength < 0xFFFF)
                ++runLength;
            else {
                encodeRun(buffer, (short) runValue, runLength);
                runValue = s;
                runLength = 1;
            }
        }
        encodeRun(buffer, (short) runValue, runLength);
        return buffer.toString();
    }

    /**
     * Construct a string representing a byte array.  Use run-length encoding.
     * Two bytes are packed into a single char, with a single extra zero byte at
     * the end if needed.  A byte represents itself, unless it is the
     * ESCAPE_BYTE.  Then the following notations are possible:
     *   ESCAPE_BYTE ESCAPE_BYTE   ESCAPE_BYTE literal
     *   ESCAPE_BYTE n b           n instances of byte b
     * Since an encoded run occupies 3 bytes, we only encode runs of 4 or
     * more bytes.  Thus we have n > 0 and n != ESCAPE_BYTE and n <= 0xFF.
     * If we encounter a run where n == ESCAPE_BYTE, we represent this as:
     *   b ESCAPE_BYTE n-1 b
     * The ESCAPE_BYTE value is chosen so as not to collide with commonly
     * seen values.
     */
    static public final String arrayToRLEString(byte[] a) {
        StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
        buffer.append((char) (a.length >> 16));
        buffer.append((char) a.length);
        byte runValue = a[0];
        int runLength = 1;
        byte[] state = new byte[2];
        for (int i = 1; i < a.length; ++i) {
            byte b = a[i];
            if (b == runValue && runLength < 0xFF)
                ++runLength;
            else {
                encodeRun(buffer, runValue, runLength, state);
                runValue = b;
                runLength = 1;
            }
        }
        encodeRun(buffer, runValue, runLength, state);

        // We must save the final byte, if there is one, by padding
        // an extra zero.
        if (state[0] != 0)
            appendEncodedByte(buffer, (byte) 0, state);

        return buffer.toString();
    }

    private static final void appendInt(StringBuffer buffer, int value) {
        buffer.append((char) (value >>> 16));
        buffer.append((char) (value & 0xFFFF));
    }

    /**
     * Encode a run, possibly a degenerate run (of < 4 values).
     * @param length The length of the run; must be > 0 && <= 0xFFFF.
     */
    ///CLOVER:OFF
    private static final void encodeRun(StringBuffer buffer, int value, int length) {
        if (length < 4) {
            for (int j = 0; j < length; ++j) {
                if (value == ESCAPE) {
                    appendInt(buffer, value);
                }
                appendInt(buffer, value);
            }
        } else {
            if (length == (int) ESCAPE) {
                if (value == (int) ESCAPE) {
                    appendInt(buffer, ESCAPE);
                }
                appendInt(buffer, value);
                --length;
            }
            appendInt(buffer, ESCAPE);
            appendInt(buffer, length);
            appendInt(buffer, value); // Don't need to escape this value
        }
    }

    /**
     * Encode a run, possibly a degenerate run (of < 4 values).
     * @param length The length of the run; must be > 0 && <= 0xFFFF.
     */
    private static final void encodeRun(StringBuffer buffer, short value, int length) {
        if (length < 4) {
            for (int j = 0; j < length; ++j) {
                if (value == (int) ESCAPE)
                    buffer.append(ESCAPE);
                buffer.append((char) value);
            }
        } else {
            if (length == (int) ESCAPE) {
                if (value == (int) ESCAPE)
                    buffer.append(ESCAPE);
                buffer.append((char) value);
                --length;
            }
            buffer.append(ESCAPE);
            buffer.append((char) length);
            buffer.append((char) value); // Don't need to escape this value
        }
    }

    /**
     * Encode a run, possibly a degenerate run (of < 4 values).
     * @param length The length of the run; must be > 0 && <= 0xFF.
     */
    private static final void encodeRun(StringBuffer buffer, byte value, int length, byte[] state) {
        if (length < 4) {
            for (int j = 0; j < length; ++j) {
                if (value == ESCAPE_BYTE)
                    appendEncodedByte(buffer, ESCAPE_BYTE, state);
                appendEncodedByte(buffer, value, state);
            }
        } else {
            if (length == ESCAPE_BYTE) {
                if (value == ESCAPE_BYTE)
                    appendEncodedByte(buffer, ESCAPE_BYTE, state);
                appendEncodedByte(buffer, value, state);
                --length;
            }
            appendEncodedByte(buffer, ESCAPE_BYTE, state);
            appendEncodedByte(buffer, (byte) length, state);
            appendEncodedByte(buffer, value, state); // Don't need to escape this value
        }
    }

    /**
     * Append a byte to the given StringBuffer, packing two bytes into each
     * character.  The state parameter maintains intermediary data between
     * calls.
     * @param state A two-element array, with state[0] == 0 if this is the
     * first byte of a pair, or state[0] != 0 if this is the second byte
     * of a pair, in which case state[1] is the first byte.
     */
    private static final void appendEncodedByte(StringBuffer buffer, byte value, byte[] state) {
        if (state[0] != 0) {
            char c = (char) ((state[1] << 8) | (((int) value) & 0xFF));
            buffer.append(c);
            state[0] = 0;
        } else {
            state[0] = 1;
            state[1] = value;
        }
    }
}

Related

  1. array2String(String[] p, String spliter)
  2. Array2String(String[] values)
  3. array2String(T... array)
  4. array2String(T[] array, String splitFlag, boolean useBracket)
  5. arrayContent(int[] ar)
  6. arrayToRLEString(short[] a)
  7. arrayToStr(Object[] arr, char split)
  8. arrayToStr(Object[] arr, char split)
  9. arrayToStr(String[] o)