Handling auditing and security with autonomous transactions
SQL> -- create demo table
SQL> create table Employee(
2 ID VARCHAR2(4 BYTE) NOT NULL,
3 First_Name VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
4 Last_Name VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
5 Start_Date DATE,
6 End_Date DATE,
7 Salary Number(8,2),
8 City VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
9 Description VARCHAR2(15 BYTE)
10 )
11 /
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> -- prepare data
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values ('01','Jason', 'Martin', to_date('19960725','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('20060725','YYYYMMDD'), 1234.56, 'Toronto', 'Programmer')
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values('02','Alison', 'Mathews', to_date('19760321','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('19860221','YYYYMMDD'), 6661.78, 'Vancouver','Tester')
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values('03','James', 'Smith', to_date('19781212','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('19900315','YYYYMMDD'), 6544.78, 'Vancouver','Tester')
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values('04','Celia', 'Rice', to_date('19821024','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('19990421','YYYYMMDD'), 2344.78, 'Vancouver','Manager')
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values('05','Robert', 'Black', to_date('19840115','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('19980808','YYYYMMDD'), 2334.78, 'Vancouver','Tester')
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values('06','Linda', 'Green', to_date('19870730','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('19960104','YYYYMMDD'), 4322.78,'New York', 'Tester')
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values('07','David', 'Larry', to_date('19901231','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('19980212','YYYYMMDD'), 7897.78,'New York', 'Manager')
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID, First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date, End_Date, Salary, City, Description)
2 values('08','James', 'Cat', to_date('19960917','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('20020415','YYYYMMDD'), 1232.78,'Vancouver', 'Tester')
3 /
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- display data in the table
SQL> select * from Employee
2 /
ID FIRST_NAME LAST_NAME START_DAT END_DATE SALARY CITY DESCRIPTION
---- -------------------- -------------------- --------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------------
01 Jason Martin 25-JUL-96 25-JUL-06 1234.56 Toronto Programmer
02 Alison Mathews 21-MAR-76 21-FEB-86 6661.78 Vancouver Tester
03 James Smith 12-DEC-78 15-MAR-90 6544.78 Vancouver Tester
04 Celia Rice 24-OCT-82 21-APR-99 2344.78 Vancouver Manager
05 Robert Black 15-JAN-84 08-AUG-98 2334.78 Vancouver Tester
06 Linda Green 30-JUL-87 04-JAN-96 4322.78 New York Tester
07 David Larry 31-DEC-90 12-FEB-98 7897.78 New York Manager
08 James Cat 17-SEP-96 15-APR-02 1232.78 Vancouver Tester
8 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> create sequence audit_seq
2 /
Sequence created.
SQL> Create table audit_emp (action_nr NUMBER,action_cd VARCHAR2(2000), descr_tx VARCHAR2(2000),user_cd VARCHAR2(10), date_dt DATE)
2 /
Table created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> create or replace procedure p_log_audit
2 (what_tx VARCHAR2, descr_tx VARCHAR2,
3 who_tx VARCHAR2, when_dt DATE)
4 is
5 pragma autonomous_transaction;
6 begin
7 insert into Audit_emp
8 values(audit_seq.nextval, what_tx, descr_tx,
9 who_tx, when_dt);
10 commit;
11 end;
12 /
Procedure created.
SQL>
SQL> create or replace trigger bu_emp
2 before update of salary on employee
3 referencing new as new old as old for each row
4 begin
5 p_log_audit ('update','update of emp.salary', user, SYSDATE);
6 end;
7 /
Trigger created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> update employee set salary = 10000;
8 rows updated.
SQL>
SQL> select * from audit_emp;
ACTION_NR
----------
ACTION_CD
---------------------------------
DESCR_TX
---------------------------------
USER_CD DATE_DT
---------- ---------
1
update
update of emp.salary
JAVA2S 09-JUN-07
2
update
update of emp.salary
JAVA2S 09-JUN-07
3
update
update of emp.salary
JAVA2S 09-JUN-07
4
update
update of emp.salary
JAVA2S 09-JUN-07
5
update
update of emp.salary
JAVA2S 09-JUN-07
6
update
update of emp.salary
JAVA2S 09-JUN-07
7
update
update of emp.salary
JAVA2S 09-JUN-07
8
update
update of emp.salary
JAVA2S 09-JUN-07
8 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL> select * from employee;
ID FIRST_NAME LAST_NAME START_DAT END_DATE SALARY CITY DESCRIPTION
---- -------------------- -------------------- --------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------------
01 Jason Martin 25-JUL-96 25-JUL-06 10000 Toronto Programmer
02 Alison Mathews 21-MAR-76 21-FEB-86 10000 Vancouver Tester
03 James Smith 12-DEC-78 15-MAR-90 10000 Vancouver Tester
04 Celia Rice 24-OCT-82 21-APR-99 10000 Vancouver Manager
05 Robert Black 15-JAN-84 08-AUG-98 10000 Vancouver Tester
06 Linda Green 30-JUL-87 04-JAN-96 10000 New York Tester
07 David Larry 31-DEC-90 12-FEB-98 10000 New York Manager
08 James Cat 17-SEP-96 15-APR-02 10000 Vancouver Tester
8 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL> drop table audit_emp;
Table dropped.
SQL>
SQL> drop sequence audit_seq;
Sequence dropped.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- clean the table
SQL> drop table Employee
2 /
Table dropped.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
| 22.21.Autonomous Transaction | ||||
| 22.21.1. | Autonomous Transactions | |||
| 22.21.2. | Audit as Autonomous Transaction | |||
| 22.21.3. | Non-Working p_log_audit | |||
| 22.21.4. | Mark an anonymous block 'pragma autonomous_transaction' | |||
| 22.21.5. | 'pragma autonomous_transaction' package member procedure | |||
| 22.21.6. | Commit an Insert statement in a 'pragma autonomous_transaction' procedure | |||