Capture audio or video through devices connected to the PC
/*
Java Media APIs: Cross-Platform Imaging, Media and Visualization
Alejandro Terrazas
Sams, Published November 2002,
ISBN 0672320940
*/
import javax.media.*;
import javax.media.format.*;
import javax.media.protocol.*;
import java.util.*;
/*******************************************************************************
* A simple application to allow users to capture audio or video through devices
* connected to the PC. Via command-line arguments the user specifies whether
* audio (-a) or video (-v) capture, the duration of the capture (-d) in
* seconds, and the file to write the media to (-f).
*
* The application would be far more useful and versatile if it provided control
* over the formats of the audio and video captured as well as the content type
* of the output.
*
* The class searches for capture devices that support the particular default
* track formats: linear for audio and Cinepak for video. As a fall-back two
* device names are hard-coded into the application as an example of how to
* obtain DeviceInfo when a device's name is known. The user may force the
* application to use these names by using the -k (known devices) flag.
*
* The class is static but employs the earlier Location2Location example to
* perform all the Processor and DataSink related work. Thus the application
* chiefly involves CaptureDevice related operations.
*
* @author Michael (Spike) Barlow
******************************************************************************/
public class SimpleRecorder {
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Names for the audio and video capture devices on the
// author's system. These will vary system to system but are
// only used as a fallback.
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
private static final String AUDIO_DEVICE_NAME = "DirectSoundCapture";
private static final String VIDEO_DEVICE_NAME = "vfw:Microsoft WDM Image Capture:0";
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Default names for the files to write the output to for
// the case where they are not supplie by the user.
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
private static final String DEFAULT_AUDIO_NAME = "file://./captured.wav";
private static final String DEFAULT_VIDEO_NAME = "file://./captured.avi";
///////////////////////////////////////////
// Type of capture requested by the user.
//////////////////////////////////////////
private static final String AUDIO = "audio";
private static final String VIDEO = "video";
private static final String BOTH = "audio and video";
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// The only audio and video formats that the particular application
// supports. A better program would allow user selection of formats
// but would grow past the small example size.
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
private static final Format AUDIO_FORMAT = new AudioFormat(
AudioFormat.LINEAR);
private static final Format VIDEO_FORMAT = new VideoFormat(
VideoFormat.CINEPAK);
public static void main(String[] args) {
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Object to handle the processing and sinking of the
// data captured from the device.
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Location2Location capture;
/////////////////////////////////////
// Audio and video capture devices.
////////////////////////////////////
CaptureDeviceInfo audioDevice = null;
CaptureDeviceInfo videoDevice = null;
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Capture device's "location" plus the name and location of
// the destination.
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
MediaLocator captureLocation = null;
MediaLocator destinationLocation;
String destinationName = null;
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Formats the Processor (in Location2Location) must match.
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Format[] formats = new Format[1];
///////////////////////////////////////////////
// Content type for an audio or video capture.
//////////////////////////////////////////////
ContentDescriptor audioContainer = new ContentDescriptor(
FileTypeDescriptor.WAVE);
ContentDescriptor videoContainer = new ContentDescriptor(
FileTypeDescriptor.MSVIDEO);
ContentDescriptor container = null;
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Duration of recording (in seconds) and period to wait afterwards
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
double duration = 10;
int waitFor = 0;
//////////////////////////
// Audio or video capture?
//////////////////////////
String selected = AUDIO;
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// All devices that support the format in question.
// A means of "ensuring" the program works on different
// machines with different capture devices.
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Vector devices;
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Whether to search for capture devices that support the
// format or use the devices whos names are already
// known to the application.
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
boolean useKnownDevices = false;
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Process the command-line options as to audio or video,
// duration, and file to save to.
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
if (args[i].equals("-d")) {
try {
duration = (new Double(args[++i])).doubleValue();
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
}
} else if (args[i].equals("-w")) {
try {
waitFor = Integer.parseInt(args[++i]);
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
}
} else if (args[i].equals("-a")) {
selected = AUDIO;
} else if (args[i].equals("-v")) {
selected = VIDEO;
} else if (args[i].equals("-b")) {
selected = BOTH;
} else if (args[i].equals("-f")) {
destinationName = args[++i];
} else if (args[i].equals("-k")) {
useKnownDevices = true;
} else if (args[i].equals("-h")) {
System.out
.println("Call as java SimpleRecorder [-a | -v | -b] [-d duration] [-f file] [-k] [-w wait]");
System.out
.println("\t-a\tAudio\n\t-v\tVideo\n\t-b\tBoth audio and video (system dependent)");
System.out.println("\t-d\trecording Duration (seconds)");
System.out
.println("\t-f\tFile to save to\n\t-k\tuse Known device names (don't search for devices)");
System.out
.println("\t-w\tWait the specified time (seconds) before abandoning capture");
System.out
.println("Defaults: 10 seconds, audio, and captured.wav or captured.avi, 4x recording duration wait");
System.exit(0);
}
}
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Perform setup for audio capture. Includes finding a suitable
// device, obatining its MediaLocator and setting the content
// type.
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
if (selected.equals(AUDIO)) {
devices = CaptureDeviceManager.getDeviceList(AUDIO_FORMAT);
if (devices.size() > 0 && !useKnownDevices) {
audioDevice = (CaptureDeviceInfo) devices.elementAt(0);
} else
audioDevice = CaptureDeviceManager.getDevice(AUDIO_DEVICE_NAME);
if (audioDevice == null) {
System.out.println("Can't find suitable audio device. Exiting");
System.exit(1);
}
captureLocation = audioDevice.getLocator();
formats[0] = AUDIO_FORMAT;
if (destinationName == null)
destinationName = DEFAULT_AUDIO_NAME;
container = audioContainer;
}
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Perform setup for video capture. Includes finding a suitable
// device, obatining its MediaLocator and setting the content
// type.
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
else if (selected.equals(VIDEO)) {
devices = CaptureDeviceManager.getDeviceList(VIDEO_FORMAT);
if (devices.size() > 0 && !useKnownDevices)
videoDevice = (CaptureDeviceInfo) devices.elementAt(0);
else
videoDevice = CaptureDeviceManager.getDevice(VIDEO_DEVICE_NAME);
if (videoDevice == null) {
System.out.println("Can't find suitable video device. Exiting");
System.exit(1);
}
captureLocation = videoDevice.getLocator();
formats[0] = VIDEO_FORMAT;
if (destinationName == null)
destinationName = DEFAULT_VIDEO_NAME;
container = videoContainer;
} else if (selected.equals(BOTH)) {
captureLocation = null;
formats = new Format[2];
formats[0] = AUDIO_FORMAT;
formats[1] = VIDEO_FORMAT;
container = videoContainer;
if (destinationName == null)
destinationName = DEFAULT_VIDEO_NAME;
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Perform all the necessary Processor and DataSink preparation via
// the Location2Location class.
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
destinationLocation = new MediaLocator(destinationName);
System.out.println("Configuring for capture. Please wait.");
capture = new Location2Location(captureLocation, destinationLocation,
formats, container, 1.0);
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Start the recording and tell the user. Specify the length of the
// recording. Then wait around for up to 4-times the duration of
// recording
// (can take longer to sink/write the data so should wait a bit incase).
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
System.out.println("Started recording " + duration + " seconds of "
+ selected + " ...");
capture.setStopTime(new Time(duration));
if (waitFor == 0)
waitFor = (int) (4000 * duration);
else
waitFor *= 1000;
int waited = capture.transfer(waitFor);
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Report on the success (or otherwise) of the recording.
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
int state = capture.getState();
if (state == Location2Location.FINISHED)
System.out.println(selected
+ " capture successful in approximately "
+ ((int) ((waited + 500) / 1000))
+ " seconds. Data written to " + destinationName);
else if (state == Location2Location.FAILED)
System.out.println(selected
+ " capture failed after approximately "
+ ((int) ((waited + 500) / 1000)) + " seconds");
else {
System.out.println(selected
+ " capture still ongoing after approximately "
+ ((int) ((waited + 500) / 1000)) + " seconds");
System.out.println("Process likely to have failed");
}
System.exit(0);
}
}
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